Individual Analysis Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Individual Analysis Paper - Essay Example ‘emotional stability’, I can deal with difficult situations, and accordingly with the help of ‘conscientiousness’ and ‘openness-to-experience’, I will be able to gain more knowledge and become more competent as well as productive for my organization. Thus, these personality traits possessed by me will certainly have a positive impact on my job performance/satisfaction as my interpersonal skills are unrivalled in my current organization. I scored 64 units in terms of my job satisfaction which depicts that I am not highly satisfied with my present job role. As a competent professional, I wish to face more challenging job roles that would be adequate in utilizing my personal skills as well as the knowledge gained through experiences in my work. Notably, I have learnt the work process on my own and find myself to deserve a better and more challenging work to improve my overall job satisfaction. However, in the current position, I feel to be overqualified, which is the main reason for my lower job satisfaction score. I scored 19 in disciplining others which is not sufficient but also not quite low to be ignored. The reason for scoring low is certainly my lack of involvement in disciplining positions for a long period that hampered my skills largely due to non-performance. To improve my disciplining skills, I require practicing them regularly in my professional and in my personal life as

Iran And Weapons Of Mass Destruction Essay Example for Free

Iran And Weapons Of Mass Destruction Essay Iran is a signatory to the international treaties that prohibits production and keeping of weapons of mass destruction. These treaties are; the chemical weapons convection, the biological weapons convention and the nuclear Non-Profiliferation Treaty (NPT). Despite its ratification of these treaties, Iran is currently believed to be possessing weapons of mass destruction. After the Iraq-Iran war in early 1980s, Ayatollah Khomeini resolved to pursue nuclear research after he lost about 100,000 soldiers and civilians due to chemical weapons attacks by the Iraqis. Controversy has surrounded the Iranian nuclear weapons program for decades now. While the country maintains that its uranium enrichment program is solely meant for peaceful purposes and the current international atomic energy agency director general, Yukiya Amano claiming that there are no evidence in IAEA reports that Iran has plans to develop weapons of mass destruction, the United States through its congressional research paper believes that Iran had long finished developing nuclear weapons in 2003. The world is equally divided over the Iranian nuclear weapon program. Only a few European countries are siding with the United States and countries like Russia do not believe in the allegations that Iran has or has plans to develop nuclear weapons. Most countries from the East like China, Turkey, Syria, Afghanistan, the Arab League as well as Gulf Cooperation Council, have expressed their full support for Iran to pursue what they call a peaceful nuclear energy. But what are the implications of a nuclear energy in the hands of Iranians? The Iranian nuclear program has earned many foes and allies in almost equal measure. One of the greatest critics of the Iranian nuclear energy is the United States. The strain relationship between the countries dates back to three centuries when the Islamic revolution in Iran swept the US strong ally Shah out of power. When Ayatollah Khomeini came to power after the revolution, he driven the country’s foreign policy away from the United States and the two countries have ever since been polar opposites in virtually every foreign policies. Diplomatic relations between the two nations was broken in early 1980 and the Swiss government took over representation of American interest the following year. While in the United States, the Pakistani government assumed representation of Iranian affairs. However, the Iranian government has its own representative to the UN in New York City. In 1981, following the Algiers declaration, the US-Iran Claims Tribunal (situated at The Hague, Netherlands) was formed to resolved issues between the nationals of the two countries. However, this engagement has always remain and dealt with legal matters only . The Iranian nuclear program has only worked over the years to strain the diplomatic relations further. American government by executive orders made by its president and also by the congressional legislation bars any form of trade with Iran. These sanctions were imposed because of Iran’s continued pursuance of its nuclear program and its noncompliance with the IAEA demands. Iran is further accused of sponsoring terrorists and terror activities as well as of having poor human rights record. However, the American government has always maintained that these sanctions only target the Iranian government engagement with the US and not the citizens of Iran. The US therefore permits certain trades that would help the nationals of Iran. Such engagement as relief donations by the American nationals and NGOs, export of medical and agricultural products from US to Iran and import of foodstuff from Iran are permitted. The American government has at times lifted the trade sanctions especially in times of humanitarian crises like was the case in 2003 during the Ban earthquake. Obstacles to diplomatic relations between the countries however, still remain unresolved. The United States is mainly concerned with the Iranian authorities’ lack of compliance with the IAEA and accused their counterparts of pursuing a risky ambition that would threaten peace in the world. The US fears over the Iran’s nuclear is connected with their allegations that Iran has been sponsoring terror activities. Iran has always objected to the peace deal favoring the Israel and has been accused of undermining the Middle East peace process through its continued arming of militia and terror groups like Hezbollah, Palestinian Islamic Jihad and the Hamas. The risks a nuclear Iran would subject the world to through its continued association with militia and terror groups is one of the reason sanctions are being imposed not only by the US government but also by the European union and the United Nations security council. The Iran nuclear program would not be a threat to Israel but also the world at large. Analysis of the frosty relations between Iran and Israel would shed more light on how the world would be threatened by Iran as a nuclear power. Iran is the second largest country with a Jewish population in the Middle East after Israel and some notable figures in Israel are known to have originated from Iran. The two countries had had good relations when Iran was ruled by the Shah, but after the Islamic revolution of Iran, Israel and the Iran’s ruling clergy have had hostile ties with Iran refusing to recognize Israel. However, even during the hostile relationship, Israel helped United States sell arms to Iran as part of the infamous Iran-Contra scandal. In recent times, the United States has been very much vocal against the Iranian nuclear program. Israel on the other hand has always been ready to disarm the Iranians of their missiles and other weapons considered destructive. They have even considered tactically deploying their nuclear weapons to clear off the Iranian nuclear facilities. Although Israel has never officially confirmed the number of its nuclear weapons, it is whispered in the international security circles that the country has about 200-400 weapons of mass destruction and is the only country possessing a nuclear weapons in the Middle East. And it is not lost to many that Israel had bombed the Iraqi facility believed to have been part of its nuclear programs. The perennial conflict between Israel and Palestinians has not help matters either. The Palestinians continued migration to south Lebanon led the formation of militant groups like Hezbollah, Hamas, and the Palestine Islamic Jihad among others. Although these groups have been considered terrorists groupings by many countries, Iran disagrees. It has not only offered these groups material support in terms of weapons but regard the groups as organizations fighting for a justified cause and publicly offer them moral support. These groups especially the Hezbollah regard the Iran spiritual leader as their ultimate authority and the groups themselves have confirmed that all political decisions concerning their affairs are referred and made in Iran. For example, the Iran spiritual leader himself is said to have favored the Hezbollah’s participation in the Lebanese politics. In light of these revelations, it would be appropriate to say that Iran is sponsoring suicide bombers at least indirect to fight the Israelis. The Iranians and the leaders have always denounced Israel and more often pronounce death of Israel in different forms. The Iranian president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad is on record claiming that Israel ought to be wiped off from the face of the earth and even questioned why the holocaust did not perform it once and for all. We may argued that the Iranian president does not wield so much power and that the spiritual leader who at some point sought ceasefire and normalized relations with the Israelis, is the real source of power. But the ruling clergy is up to no good if his agitations to have Hezbollah become a full political outfit which was objected to by the United States is anything to go by. Looking back at the recent events in Lebanon where Israel suffered a humiliating defeat in the hands of Hezbollah, the influence of Iran and its militant group, Hezbollah in the Middle East was just given a shot in the arm. We may argue that Iran never started its nuclear weapons program with Israel in mind. But going by the unrelenting anti-Israel rhetoric by its leaders, it would be quite in order to say that Iran’s number one enemy right now is Israel and given opportunity would go ahead and wipe out the entire nation. Only nuclear weapons would put it at par with Israel and make it achieve the mass destruction they would love to see. Again, sorting out Israel as its number one enemy, Iran is simply creating more enemies. With the United States leading the pack of countries associating and supporting Israel, Iranians would declare war with any nation oppose to their policies against Israel. Diplomacy and Alternatives President Bush’s efforts to halt the Iranians’ uranium enrichment program had been focused on building a strong international coalition that would impose tough sanctions against Iran intended to punish and isolate until it abandons its plans to develop nuclear weapons program. The country on the other hand, maintains its nuclear program is intended for peaceful uses. When president Obama came into power, the first thing he announced regarding his foreign policy was to negotiate with Iran and talk it out of its nuclear weapons program. So far nothing tangible is coming from the Iranian side. The major problem in this whole process is that Iranian leaders are simply not willing to talk and even as Washington tries to pursue diplomacy, Tehran is determined on carrying on with its program. The Obama administration should not just explore this option without understanding their Iranian counterparts. From the developments so far, it seems Tehran is not about to make a compromise on its program. But where does this leave Obama with his pledge for a more engagement with Tehran? Besides diplomacy, are there other options left for Washington? The present world security situation is quite disturbing. The world and more specifically the United States national security is currently threatened either directly or indirectly by the developments in Iran and this should inform president Obama to realize that shunning any further contact with Iran is a luxury American cannot afford. But then the issue is complicated with the popularly-driven opposition that may be demoralized if American approaches the matter with high-handedness. A continued engagement with Tehran therefore would call for clear understanding of the nature of Iran politics and policies. My first and last option has always been engagement and engagement. The America should keep this door of dialogue wide open. However, it would be careless of us if we are only concerned with the nuclear issue. Apart from addressing the other security concerns such as Afghanistan and Iraq which Iran is threatening, the Obama administration should embark on holding the regime accountable for human rights violations. Iran has always had a problem adhering to international standards of justice. Although the word is quite commonly used by the Iranian leaders it lacks any respect at all among the Iranian officials. I have a strong belief that raising the human rights issue would make the Tehran regime think twice about using brutality and repression against its people. Failure to address the human rights issue, Americans would be creating an impression among the people of Iran that it is a cynical superpower out to cut deals at their own expense. All said, we must understand that dialogue was never an end in itself but a means to halt Iran’s nuclear plans and to check its regional policies. We should hope that dialogue bare fruits and we must believe in our secretary of states Hillary Clinton and her undersecretary Bill Burns as skilful diplomats. However, my greatest concern is that the Tehran regime is not willing to reach a compromise with Washington. In essence, the problem in Iran is in their present leaders rather than the country’s nuclear ambitions. This does not means that we overthrow the current regime through the pro-active democracy utterances of the president Bush and his administration. We should believe in the Iranian as being capable of shaping their destiny. And therefore, Americans should refrain from using policies that would jeopardize the current momentum of opposition movements in the country. This would call for a skillful and careful â€Å"engagement† that would broaden the dialogue beyond just nukes and treading away from military confrontation. I believe Ahmadinejad and the spiritual leader would most welcome a US military strike; it may offer them a lifeline to crush popular dissent and right internal political rifts. Finally, obama may be thinking of tougher sanctions going by the statement made by his secretary of states Hillary Clinton in late May. The problem with trade sanctions is that they have been there for almost 30 years now but nothing much has changed and I have a belief that Iran is used to it now. If they refused the carrot and stick of President Bush, what tells us now that Iran would play ball? Our option must be a change in approach in our engagement. Conclusion For over two decades of dialogue, diplomacy and sanctions have achieved a little impact in the Iran’s nuclear plans. They have delayed such a program, made its operations and nuclear programs more covert and have continuously highlighted the risks Iran is posing to itself and the world. Such policies however, have never stopped Iran from acquiring long-range missiles, the technology as well as production facilities for making nuclear weapons. The United States therefore needs to change tact in its dealing with the Tehran regime and in containing its nuclear weapons ambitions.

The Food Security Of India

The Food Security Of India Food Security as described in World Food Summit, Rome 1996, Food Security exists, when all people, at all time have physical and economic access to sufficient safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preference for an active and healthy life. India uptill now has faced 14 famines in its history and among them the Bengal Famine of 1943 was the worst. Food availability and agriculture in India has been largely related to the vagaries of monsoon. In the past concentrated efforts were made to achieve food security by increasing food grain production. The Green Revolution was a step towards attaining Food Security. For maintaining a satisfactory level of operational and buffer stock of food grains and to ensure national food security, The Food Corporation of India (FCI henceforth) was set up under the Food Corporation Act 1964. It ensured effective price support operation for safeguarding the interest of the farmers. Another important work that FCI does is managing the Public Distribution System. FCI maintains food security in the country through its four Zonal Offices- North Zone, South Zone, East Zone and West Zone and their respective regional offices. FCI has also established a comprehensive and a structured training mechanism in accordance with its organisational goals known as the Institute of Food Security. The flagship activity of the institute has been to conduct short-term training programmes on various subjects related to Food Security, Managerial Skills, Computer skills and on operations of FCI. Food Security as we have mentioned above exists when all people have access to have food and there is a minimum level of nutrition that is maintained. There are four main dimensions of food security that can be identified: PTO Physical Availability of food- It is determined by the level of food production, stock levels and net trade or in short we refer to the supply side of food availability. Economic and Physical access to food- Access to food depends on income, expenditure, market and prevailing prices in the market. Availability of food grains in the country does not ensure availability to every individual. Food utilization- Sufficient energy and nutrient intake by individuals along with good biological utilization of food consumed determines the nutritional status of individuals. Stability of other three dimensions over time Adverse weather conditions, political conditions and economic factors have an impact over food security. In spite of constant efforts by the government and FCIs repeated efforts India has failed to feed the teeming millions. Food availability in the country is poor and there still remain a huge amount people who strive to get two squares of meal a day. Innovative strategic interventions are the needs of the hour and they have to be implemented to ensure food availability, food access and utilization. Freedom from hunger is not only a basic right but it is also essential for the enjoyment of all other rights. There has to be much stress on community farming. Through research and development it has to be aimed to reduce cost of production. New technology has to be introduced so as to achieve high production and better yield. It has been rightly mentioned in our five year plans that the time has come to introduce a Second Green Revolution. A revolution of such a great intensity is required to overcome these ailments. Expanding utilization of food facilities and encouraging private sector i nvestments can be another possibility towards achieving this goal. Over the years India has miserably failed to achieve food security. The number of people without enough food to eat on a regular basis remains stubbornly high through the ages. In India about 29 % of the 872.9 million people are malnourished. There have been various reasons contributing to this. One of major reasons is that Indian agriculture has been highly dependent on the vagaries of monsoon. Rainfall has been constantly irregular in India and moreover the recent changes in the climatic conditions all over the world have contributed to the problem of unavailability of food. In spite of Governments repeated efforts to maintain Food Security and availability, it has been highly subject to the irregularities of agricultural production. It is said that India attained national food self-sufficiency 35 years ago yet about 35% of its population remains food insecure. We look into the close interlink between food security and agriculture. In the past three decades the South Asian countries have made considerable advancement in food production which was elicited by the Green Revolution. Green Revolution was introduced in 1960s and they brought in the use of High Yielding Variety (HYV) of seeds. It brought about a revolutionary boost in production. Now there was a huge expansion in the crop yield which contributed to the countrys growth. But agriculture was highly decelerated in the country and more focus was laid on industrialisation. Thus the wave of green revolution did not reach all parts of the country and it full effect was not realised. It remained regional and only affected the rich farmers. Also in the 1960s India experienced two major droughts and there was a severe food shortage. There was not sufficient food for all. Also we can say that green revolution was successful to some extent but the aim of self sufficiency and food security still seem like a distant dream. In India climate plays a major role in agriculture. Agriculture even to this day is highly dependent on the vagaries of monsoon. Climatic change will affect food security through its impacts on all components of national and local food production system. There has been a rising trend in the temperatures all over the world. This has contributed to a fall in rainfall drastically. Another aspect of climatic change is that of extreme weather events like cyclone which has made agriculture losses higher and has affected total production. Climatic changes as seawater incursion and unusual flooding are effecting greatly as well. Changes in temperature and precipitation influence water run-off and erosion affecting soil organic carbon and nitrogen content and salinity in the soil. Thus the changing weather condition all over the world has had its toll on agriculture. The new climatic conditions are more likely to have negative impacts such as a rise in the spread of diseases and pests, which will reduce yields. Rainfall trends have changed and decrease in rainfall has lead to a fall in production. Rising temperature, changing precipitation patterns and an increasing frequency of extreme weather events are expected to be the reasons for reducing regional water availability. In a country like India where there is lack of irrigation facilities and agriculture is completely dependent on rainfall, irregular rainfall directly affect the total crop production. Unavailability of sufficient water is also another reason for crop failure. Grain output has been stagnating for over a decade and there is a growing gap between supply and demand. A decrease in production leads to poor availability and thus food security of the country is poor. The crisis has been building up for some time. The food grains yields of Indian farmers are not going up. Thus we come to the conclusion that climate change will reduce crop yield in the tropical country like India. The regional inequality in foo d production resulting from climate change will have a very great implication on the food security of the country. Another problem is that of lack of proper mechanization in agriculture. Indian farmers are mostly too poor to implement the modern techniques or machinery in their farms. The small and marginal farmers generally sell their produce. Now transporting and storage of food grains too holds huge importance in a country like India where the condition of infrastructure is very poor. The Food Corporation of India has been entrusted with the job of maintaining a buffer stock. A buffer stock is necessary so as to ensure food security during bad agricultural years or crop failures. But due to lack of infrastructure every year there is a considerable amount of food grains that is wasted. Quantity of food grains damaged in India : YEAR QUANTITY(lakh MTs) 2004-2005 0.97 2005-2006 0.95 2006-2007 0.25 2007-2008 0.34 2008-2009 0.03 2009-2010 0.03 AVERAGE 0.58 Source: Rajya Sabha Unstarred Question No. 2779, dated 27.04.2007. Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 3065, dated 08.12.2009 The above table shows the amount of food which is wasted from 2004-2010. In a country like India where agricultural production is not enough and people do not get two squares of meal a day, these datas are shocking. This has lead to a fall in food security because there has been a deficiency of food grains. Another important factor in this context is that of land use. Due to rapid industrialisation in building roads, houses and factories, private entrepreneurs are taking away the fertile lands for non-agricultural purposes. The supply of land in nature is fixed and as more and more land is used for non-agricultural practises it has been seen that the land for agricultural purpose is decreasing. People look at the comparative advantage of industrialisation over agriculture. But they fail to realise that in a way they are decreasing their food-grain production. This has lead to a disparity between the demand and supply of food grains and thus instability in food security. The food policy of India took up two objectives one is to create a food surplus economy and next is to provide food grains at subsidised rates. Our Prime Minister Indira Gandhi had implemented a seed-water-fertilizer policy commonly called the Green Revolution in order to attain self-sufficiency and to attain food security. It is time we had a revolution of such an intensity to revive our strategies to attain food security. In a country as huge as India where population grows at about 8 % and where a large chunk of the population is malnourished and under-weight it becomes necessary to attain food security. The supply chain between the farmers and the consumers should be shortened. Farmer friendly marketing processes should be introduced. And most important a second revolution is necessary to bring about stability in the Food Security in the country. **************************

Antigone †Strong and Powerful or Spoiled and Stubborn? Essay -- Antig

Antigone – Strong and Powerful or Spoiled and Stubborn? Of the tragic figures in Antigone, Creon is the most obviously evil because his motives are self-serving and his fate the worst. As the play begins, we learn that Antigone has defied Creon's royal decree by performing sacred burial rites for her exiled brother, Polyneices. Polyneices has been declared an enemy of the state by Creon. The sentence for anyone attempting to bury him is death by stoning. Creon has become King of Thebes by default, as a result of Oedipus' fate as previously predicted by the Oracle at Delphi: Oedipus murders his father and unknowingly marries his mother. Jocaste, his mother and wife and Creon's sister, commits suicide upon learning the truth. Between Oedipus' two sons, Creon sides with Etocles in his claim for Oedipus' throne and exiles Polyneices. Polyneices, in exile, raises an army against Thebes, attempting to seize the throne for himself. The two brothers fight and slay one another. Etocles is awarded an honorable burial by Creon for bravely defending the city, but Polyneices is denied any burial because of his act of treason. Denial of a ritual burial was damming and nearly sacrilegious to the ancient Greeks. Creon is enraged to discover his decree has been disobeyed. When he learns it is Antigone, his niece, he asks her if she has heard the decree. She says yes, that the decree was declared publicly and openly -- she answers that she understands the consequences. Creon further asks Antigone if she is blatantly defying him. She replies that she is answering and obeying a higher law. Creon condemns her, and in doing so violates the unspoken law of loyalty to the family. Creon's will be done! Creon: Do you want me to show m... ...th her death. Chorus: You has passed beyond human daring and come at last Into a place of stone where justice sits. I cannot tell What shape your father's guilt appears in this. Antigone: You have touched it at last: the bridal bed Unspeakable, horror of son and mother mingling: Their crime, infection of all our family! Your marriage strikes from the grace to murder mine. I have been a stranger here in my own land: All my life The blasphemy of my birth has followed me. (Sophocles 4,33-44). Perhaps this self-sentencing is her noble moral cause, or the very extreme of evil indulgence in self-pity and stupidity; self absorption at the eminent loss of human life, including her own. Maybe she's just spoiled and stubborn. Works Cited Sophocles. Antigone Trans. Robert Fagles. New York: Penguin Classics, 1984.

Nba During the 70s

The NAB of the ass greatly differs from what our expectations of today's league, especially when evaluating the background In which the players came from. Recent statistics show that more than 90% of ass's NAB players came from urban areas, but when compared to today's league only about 34% of black players come from families in financial situations (Keating). The question that needs to be asked when observing these statistics is what happened to the league or basketball In general that subsequently pushed poorer players out of the league?When analyzing what has could have caused such a shift in the makeup of the NAB we have to observe the rise in popularity of basketball as the years have gone by. Since the offs, the NAB has grown exponentially into a 43 billion dollar industry with international reach (Plunked Research) Much of this growth can be accredited to the creation of superstars during the late ass's and ass's. Along with this expansion and increase in basketball's populari ty, we find that more and more money began to be put Into basketball programs (Keating).Schools that have more access to exposable income, such as those in the suburbs, suddenly can produce better equipment, coaches and basketball programs than those in the city. Basketball camps suddenly spring up more and more with high quality ones having a larger price tag (Five Star). Today's NAB has even gone International with more and more players coming from places such as Europe. So both the expansion of the NAB and the quality of urban area schools become broader topics that should be discussed when looking at the change in the quality of NAB players backgrounds. What possibly answer could there be to why today's NAB Is made up of more well off' basketball players than it was in the ASS? Simple, It cost more money to create an NAB caliber athlete today than it did in the ass's due the increase in the Nab's popularity. To help support this stance I'd have to look at specific aspects of the NAB that have greatly affected who can become an NAB athlete. After analyzing these aspects, they will be connected to how money Is used to adjust to the changing times.Answering the question will require a great amount of research in relatively tiny aspects that have great importance in an NAB players career. For example, looking at the quality of high schools that many great NAB players graduated from and how much money the schools focused into their basketball program. Researching the surge in athletes coming from abroad should also prove as a great factor when discussing the backgrounds of NAB players both because of the difference of life outside of America and the fact that American colligate basketball player now compete with them for a spot in the draft.The Importance of basketball clinics and amps have also become more prevalent in today's world with many of those considered to be â€Å"High quality' to have tuition that is hundreds of dollars. The great Increase In salar ies of NAB players also provide a great looking glass Into why a spot on a team in the NAB would be so sought after and should be heavily researched; especially when considering that the average salary of a NAB player in the ass's was about 35,000 (20 second). Tofu Few counter arguments can be made about the idea that money NAS become a large aspect in determining who can be an NAB athlete in today's world.However, examples like Lebanon James and Derrick Rose could easily be brought up and said that since their families came from relatively less fortunate families. But players like these have to be considered outliers when considering the background of the average NAB player. Annotated Bibliography

Schizophrenia2 essays

Schizophrenia2 essays Schizophrenia- Severe disorders on which there are disturbances of thoughts, communications, and emotions, including delusions and hallucinations. (Psychology: An Introduction,Charles D. Morris with Albert A. Maisto) It's quite horrendous. First of all, you've got somebody that you love, a child that you've raised. And then suddenly, the child becomes a crazy person. Better drugs and new ways of treating schizophrenia are enabling more of the disease's victims to live in society instead of institutions, and even to hold down jobs. Schizophrenia can be detected in childhoodeven traced to the womb. These malfunctions may be wired into the brain before birth. There is mounting evidence that schizophrenia reflects deviation in development rather than a backwards process that begins in maturity. Scientists,whose findings have already paved the way for a greater understanding of schizophrenia, and researchers around the world are hunting for underlying causes of the disease. People diagnosed with schizophrenia display a wide-ranging breakdown of perception and thought. A glitch in the timing of cell responses across broad swaths of brain tissue may help account for these people's fragmented experienc e of the world, according to a new study. In the brains of schizophrenia sufferers, electrical activity fails to synchronize with a specific sound frequency as it does in the brains of mentally healthy people. Improved drugs to fight psychosisthe loss of contact with reality that afflicts schizophrenicsare already coming on the market, and some researchers believe that within the next few decades, scientists will find a way to virtually cure the obscure disease. Schizophrenia usually begins between the ages of 16 and 30, with men often being affected earlier than women. The first symptoms can include trouble concentrating or sleeping, and afflicted people may start avoiding their friends. In the next stage, many schizophrenics ...

The Concept Of Evidence Based Practice Social Work Essay Essay Example

The Concept Of Evidence Based Practice Social Work Essay Essay Example The Concept Of Evidence Based Practice Social Work Essay Paper The Concept Of Evidence Based Practice Social Work Essay Paper Introduction This essay aims to place and critically appraise grounds of whether social intercession better result for depression in British Pakistani adult females. I will analyze whether social intercession can take to better mental well-being, authorization and single growing. I will analyze the value accent of curative societal support in mental wellness. The context of societal work pattern in mental wellness is complex, hence societal work intercession has to hold an ethical and value based model. I will measure the theoretical footing for standardise pattern. The statutory alterations in Britain to see the fundamental values place incorporated in recent policies and statute law will be examined. Specify the construct of grounds based pattern Evidence based pattern ( EBP ) harmonizing to Sackett ( 1997 ) citied in Gray et Al ( 2009: 119 ) connotes a procedure of bettering professional opinion through the painstaking and wise integrating and synthesis of well-researched empirical grounds to measure the efficaciousness and effectivity of intercession in heightening service users results and how this can be integrated into pattern context to better service bringing and professional answerability ( Department of Health Service and Public Safety, 2012 ) ( Gray, Plath, A ; Webb, 2009 ) ( Sheppard, 2004 ) ( Corby, 2006 ) . It gives a model for analyzing the state of affairs and bring forthing a figure of possible options ( Thompson N. , 2000, p. 35 ) . ( Mathews A ; Crawford, 2011 ) suggested that practicians must believe critically and reflect on research grounds for credibleness, completeness and transferability to inform professional opinion as this an deduction for policy shapers, professionals, communities and servic e users. The drift for EBP within societal work is underpinned on the centrality on service users best involvement to steer pattern that is culturally sensitive and of significance to service users within the dynamic context of pattern, statute law and societal policy ( Bolton, 2002 ) . EBP hence necessitates societal workers reflexiveness of how values, theoretical premises , policies, past experiences and the context in which pattern takes topographic point combine with service users perspective, penchants, and civilization to steer and inform pattern ( Munro, 2002:10 ) . This is to account for the many-sided personal, cultural and societal dimensions of service users ( Webber A ; Nathan, 2010 ) Select an facet of societal work What involvement me in this subject is the spread which exist in supplying culturally sensitive support to black and cultural minority group with depression. The grounds available suggest that single with mental wellness hurt including depression are the most marginalised and excluded groups in society ( Stepney A ; Ford, 2001 ) . Additionally, the prevalence of depression in black and minority ethnic ( BME ) and in peculiar adult females from Pakistani background in Britain, underlines the importance of back uping statutory and voluntary enterprises directed towards run intoing their demands ( Husain, Creed, A ; Tomenson, 1997 ) ( Gater, et al. , 2009 ) . ( Miranda, et al. , 2003 ) noted the spread in grounds based for social intercession . Pulling on their pattern experiences and appropriate grounds Within the context of community voluntary mental wellness services, their diverse types of grounds that informs pattern and policy and societal workers have an ethical duty in the pick of theories and theoretical account of working. In my pattern, a systems attack is emphasised in understanding the interplay and multiplicity of service users context. Psychodynamic attack is concerned with how perceptual experiences of demands, stigma and stereotyped premises motivate human behavior including aid seeking, revelation of sensitive information. Past experiences are seen as cardinal in the jobs single experience and used in understanding the kineticss of the assisting relationship. Social larning theory suggests behaviors are influenced by service users socio-cultural context. For illustration aid seeking behavior is influenced and reinforced by stigma and service bringing Therefore cognitive- behavioral therapy is emphasised by understanding the function perceptual experiences in aid seeking. Therefore through interaction, patterning service users perceptual experience is influenced. Conflict theory is priceless in understanding cultural struggles, stigma and subjugation, power instability. As noted in Saleeby ( 1996 ) the strength position is intrinsic to societal work values of service users engagement, and esteeming single as holding strengths The feminist position takes into history the function of gender and the historical deficiency of power experienced by adult females. Collaborative relationship is emphasised between the societal worker and service user through equality and authorization. Through empirical observation utilizing randomised controlled test, Gater, et Al ( 2010 ) investigated the effectual of Social intercession for British Pakistani adult females with depression. It sought to explicate the cause and consequence , to foretell and command world, and to make unambiguous nonsubjective truth that can be proven or disproved to inform the effectivity of intercession and policies execution. Qualitative informations used to understand persons societal world within their socio- cultural context which inquiries cultural premises, favoritism and subjugation and the deduction and significance in execution. This can be used to gestate service users position sing intercession and constabularies deductions, their demands and perceptual experiences about current constabularies and intercessions. The job work outing theoretical account focal points on understanding service users in their context and working in partnership. In a cross sectional survey, prevalence of depression amongst adult females of Pakistani beginning was twice every bit high comparison to white European adult females ( Gater, et al. , 2009 ) . ( Campbell A ; McLean, 2002 ) suggested that societal capital resources is embedded in within societal webs and better recovery. An alternate explanatory model for the prevalence of depression in Pakistani adult females in mental wellness statistics has been the societal constructive position. This position encompasses aid seeking behavior. There are some evidenced based intercessions that have been proven to assist people recovery from depression. The randomised control test survey by ( Harris, Brown, A ; Robinson, Befriending as an intercession for chronic depression among adult females in an interior metropolis: Randomised control trail, 1999 ) found that befriending strategies are good in bettering recovery. This is to counter the unfavorable judgments of institutional racism and cultural premises in the bringing of mental wellness services to black and cultural minority groups ( Gould, 2010 ) . Phillip Rack ( 1982 ) cited in ( Gould, 2010 ) : 40 proposed a Culturally attuned attack that used penetration This intercession is cardinal to societal work values of respecting and valuing uniqueness and diverseness and recognising and edifice strengths. Social intercession involves facets of partnership and include and accent on the impact of environmental force per unit areas on persons and therefore can be priceless in anti-discriminatory work with service users in offering authorization and covering with structural subjugation ( Ahmad B. , 1990, p. 51 ) . He besides noted the importance of importance of qualitative research in researching these issues ( Ahmad W. , 1995 ) . This societal intercession included specific mark groups. It uses an attack that included instruction and/or direct contact with people who are depressed. Social intercession provides societal workers with a structural grasp of the nature of societal jobs ( Gould, 2010, p. 60 ) ( Harris, 2010 ) societal support and depression Reconnection of hope through curative brush Psychosocial and cognitive therapies have now been included in clinical pattern guidelines. However, there remain considerable jobs with black and cultural minority accessing these services. Research has shown a consistent relationship between mental unwellness and indexs of societal disadvantages ( Fryers, Melzer, A ; Jenkins, 2003 ) . Therefore, development of schemes to back up aid seeking and intervention is needed. ( Mathews A ; Crawford, 2011 ) ( Orme A ; Shemmings, 2010 ) ( Smith, 2004 ) ( Gask, Aseem, Waquas, A ; Waheed, 2011 ) qualitative thematic analysis ( societal isolation ) household struggle, societal cultural factors, psychosocial factors Identify what can be learned from the grounds In Gater, et Al ( 2010 ) Social intercession for British Pakistani adult females with depression: randomised controlled test, Participants societal operation and depression were signii ¬?cantly improved. Given the prevalence of depression ( Gater, et al. , 2009 ) in this group and the under-representation amongst people able to entree supportive services, this presents an of import development. In relation to bettering participants battle qualitative surveies have found the enfeebling consequence of stigma as a signii ¬?cant barrier for accessing support ( Livingston A ; Boyd, 2010 ) ( Mak, Poon, Pun, A ; Cheung, 2007 ) . Stigma is understood as the interplay of persons societal individuality and socio-cultural kineticss in which persons with mental wellness are discriminated against and socially excluded due to stereotyped premise ( Lam, 2008 ) . This i ¬?nding is consistent with the grounds sing societal support intercessions in ( Harris, A stress-vunerability theoretical account of mental wellness upset: deductions for pattern, 2010 ) . However, there is a spread of how stigma associated with mental unwellness can be reduced. The survey was of high research quality, which indicates a decreased hazard of biasness and confounding. A major restriction of this survey is heterogeneity amongst the sample, that merely 123 participants and increase in societal operation is limited to merely 3 months. Therefore, the medium to long-run effects of societal intercession within this group remain mostly unknown. Another research spread is the absence of a dynamic medicine attachment related surveies aimed at this group, which have been identii ¬?ed as of import for accomplishing attachment and better result for depression ( Miranda, et al. , 2003 ) . Addressing the opposition from household members around issue of confidentiality and stigma amongst this population may be best accomplished through culturally appropriate communicating schemes that installations warm and empathy and societal capital. In contrast, the research suggests that societal intercession although it improves depression in the short tally will non accomplish meaningful betterments in the long tally without antidepressant. ( Department of Health, 2007 ) emphasises partnership working, regard for diverseness, strengths and aspirations and service users centred. Its focal point on effectivity, answerability and personal development are congruent with the rules of grounds based pattern. ( Slade, 2009 ) noted that personal recovery is a challenging and contested construct within the sphere of empirical grounds. The multi facet degree of mental unwellness is apparent in the definition of mental wellness, the impact of intervention and the societal effects. However, ( Resnick, Fontana, Lehman, A ; RA, 2005 ) highlighted that authorization, hope and optimism, cognition and life satisfaction result that are cardinal to the recovery theoretical account allows the prevalence of recovery to be investigated through empirical observation. ( Gould, 2010 ) As stated in ( Gater, et al. , 2009 ) , an epidemiology of depression that accounts for societal support and societal troubles is critical. Social context of depression However, depression is associated with of import negative effects, such as societal exclusion, low self-pride. Social exclusion harmonizing to ( Hills, LeGrand, A ; Piachaud, 2004 ) should be conceptualise in the context of the personal, cultural and structural dimension and highlighted deficiency of societal interaction as a signifier of societal exclusion. Attuned to cultural beliefs and norms Social and inclusive pattern have been developed and reinforced by the Capabilities for Inclusive Practice ( Department of Health, 2007 ) study: working in partnership, esteeming diverseness. Assessment requires service users engagement and entree to information to do informed pick. This theoretical account of appraisal has to be cultural sensitive and proactive in nature. Psychosocial appraisal Although societal support is often referred to as good in relation to depression, there has been small effort to stipulate what this means and to measure the effectivity of intercessions to cut down isolation. ( Tew, 2004 ) Partnership working is important in following a societal theoretical account of intercession. Culturally sensitive pattern. ( Gater, Waheed, Husain, Tomenson, Aseem, A ; Creed, 2010 ) ( Webber W. , 2011 ) Research indicates that ( Oakley, Strange, Toroyan, Wiggins, Roberts, A ; Stephenson, 2003 ) Mental wellness is pattern within a context of multi-disciplinary coaction to incorporate the bio-psychosocial theoretical account of pattern. The execution of EBP within this context has to account for the theoretical premises that underpin this country of pattern. This involves preparation and supervising. Research by ( Huxley, et al. , 2005 ) indicated emphasis of workers as accounting for their deficiency of implementing EBP. noted that another ground for EBP non been implemented is due to stereotyped premises that black and cultural minorities prefer informal support than support from professional. One barrier to effectual appraisal and intercession for depression epidemiology Another barrier is the reluctance of cultural minority group to portion their emotional symptoms due to household force per unit area and perceive stigma. To get the better of these barriers, -social intercession that accounts for societal capital is important. EBP therefore requires pattern that is needs non resources leads if services are to be provided that are of sound professional opinion. Percepts about depression and stigma have been through empirical observation supported in experimental, cross-sectional and longitudinal surveies to decline depression and affect interpersonal result and societal support ( Thomsen, 2006 ) . Analysis and brooding procedure of informations aggregation, the transparences about the relational nature of the research, and the ways which service users perspective are constructed through a respectful partnership and reflexiveness of how our values, theoretical premises, policies, past experiences and the context in which pattern takes topographic point. Trust and openness in research relationship a mutual procedure right- based analytical attack ( Department of Health, 2008 ) ethical and critical engage that with respectful uncertainnesss that reflect on the procedure of battle and analysis Common and sincere coaction, over clip respectful uncertainnesss Using multiple informations beginnings to account for publication biasness and multiple positions and ways of cognizing Recognition of complexnesss of worlds Use of reflexiveness focal point on contexts of and relationships between research worker and researched as determining the creative activity of cognition. Ethical consideration in cognition ( Gask, Aseem, Waquas, A ; Waheed, 2011 ) understanding how symptoms are expressed and perceive. Understanding emotional expressiveness within cultural context. Decision In decision, societal intercession has highlighted schemes that have demonstrated some success for bettering aid seeking. Given the complexnesss and multi facet dimension of single experiences and the context in which needs occurs, it is imperative that the singularity of person is taken into history within the paradigm of culturally competent pattern ( Dalrymple and Burke, 2006 ) . In add-on, Social Work pattern draws on theoretical cognition from societal scientific disciplines, which are normally Eurocentric, it is indispensable, that Social Work pattern integrate cognition from best grounds for it to run into it ethical duty to counter oppressive and prejudiced pattern ( Thompson N. , 2003 ) ( Webber W. , 2011 ) . ( Thompson N. 2003 )